Calculate density, mass, or volume using the formula ρ = m/V. Free online physics calculator for material properties, fluid mechanics, and engineering calculations with multiple unit support.
Calculate density, mass, or volume using the formula: ρ = m/V
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Density, mass, and volume are three fundamental physical properties that are closely related. Understanding their relationship is essential in physics, chemistry, engineering, and many practical applications. Our Density Mass Volume Calculator makes it easy to calculate any one of these values when you know the other two using the fundamental formula: ρ = m/V (density equals mass divided by volume).
Density describes how much mass is contained within a given volume of a substance. It's a characteristic property that helps identify materials and is crucial for understanding buoyancy, material selection, and fluid mechanics. Whether you're working on engineering projects, studying physics, or solving real-world problems, our calculator simplifies these calculations.
Our Density Mass Volume Calculator is designed for simplicity and accuracy. Follow these steps to get your calculation:
The calculator uses the fundamental density formula: Density = Mass ÷ Volume (ρ = m/V)
You can rearrange this formula to solve for any variable:
The density formula is one of the most important equations in physics and materials science:
ρ = m/V
Where: ρ = density, m = mass, V = volume
Density is defined as the mass per unit volume of a substance. It tells you how tightly packed the matter is within an object. Different materials have different densities:
Density, mass, and volume calculations are used in countless real-world scenarios across various fields:
It's crucial to use consistent units in your calculations. Our calculator supports multiple unit systems and automatically converts between them:
Tip: The calculator automatically handles unit conversions, so you can mix different unit systems. For example, you can input mass in kilograms and volume in liters, and the calculator will provide density in kg/m³.
A block of aluminum has a mass of 2.7 kg and occupies a volume of 0.001 m³. What is its density?
ρ = m/V = 2.7 kg ÷ 0.001 m³ = 2700 kg/m³
What is the mass of 5 liters of water? (Water density = 1000 kg/m³)
m = ρ × V = 1000 kg/m³ × 0.005 m³ = 5 kg
Note: 5 L = 0.005 m³
A piece of iron has a mass of 15.74 kg. What volume does it occupy? (Iron density = 7870 kg/m³)
V = m/ρ = 15.74 kg ÷ 7870 kg/m³ = 0.002 m³ = 2 L
Calculate the density of a material that weighs 50 pounds and occupies 1.5 cubic feet.
ρ = m/V = 50 lb ÷ 1.5 ft³ = 33.33 lb/ft³
Which equals approximately 534 kg/m³
Density varies significantly between different states of matter and can be affected by temperature and pressure:
Note: Temperature and pressure can significantly affect gas density, while they have a smaller effect on liquids and solids.
Understanding density has practical applications in daily life:
Density (ρ) equals mass (m) divided by volume (V): ρ = m/V. This means if you know any two values, you can calculate the third. Mass equals density times volume (m = ρV), and volume equals mass divided by density (V = m/ρ).
In the metric system, the most common units are kg/m³ (kilograms per cubic meter) and g/cm³ (grams per cubic centimeter). Note that 1 g/cm³ = 1000 kg/m³. In the imperial system, lb/ft³ (pounds per cubic foot) is commonly used.
Yes, density can change with temperature and pressure. For gases, density changes significantly with these factors. For liquids and solids, the changes are usually small but measurable. This is why density is often specified at standard temperature and pressure (STP).
Common conversions: 1 g/cm³ = 1000 kg/m³, 1 lb/ft³ ≈ 16.02 kg/m³, 1 g/mL = 1 g/cm³. Our calculator automatically handles all unit conversions for you, so you can input values in any supported units.
Pure water has a density of approximately 1000 kg/m³ or 1 g/cm³ at 4°C (39.2°F). This is used as a reference standard. The density of water changes slightly with temperature, decreasing as temperature increases above 4°C.
Engineers use density to calculate material weights, determine structural loads, select appropriate materials for projects, estimate quantities needed, and ensure materials meet specifications. It's essential for everything from concrete mixing to aerospace design.
Yes, but be aware that gas density is highly dependent on temperature and pressure. For accurate gas density calculations, you may need to account for these factors using the ideal gas law. Our calculator works best for solids and liquids where density is more constant.
Understanding the relationship between density, mass, and volume is fundamental to physics, engineering, and many practical applications. Our Density Mass Volume Calculator simplifies these calculations, making it easy to solve problems involving material properties, fluid mechanics, and engineering design.
Whether you're calculating material densities, determining masses from volumes, or finding volumes from known densities, this calculator provides accurate results with support for multiple unit systems. Ready to explore more physics concepts? Check out our other calculators like the Velocity Calculator or use our Volume Calculator for geometric volume calculations that often complement density problems.
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